Sampling Rocks

In this lesson, students will collect and analyze a sample of rocks from the schoolyard. Students will array the collected rocks by characteristics such as size, weight, and color, to see if any generalizations can be made about the types of rocks that can be found in the schoolyard. This is a fun lesson, good for active students. It is related to a tradebook, has extensiion activities, assessment and related sites.

Standards & Objectives

Learning objectives: 

Purpose: 

Students will learn about sampling through an investigation of rocks found in the schoolyard.

Essential and guiding questions: 
  • If we are going to create a guide to the types of rocks that can be found on the schoolyard, how should we go about collecting the rocks? 
  • Do we have enough information from this one rock to create the rock guide? Why or why not?
  • How many should we collect? Will one or two be enough? Why or why not? Introduce the notion of a sample and the importance of sample size and the manner in which the sample is collected.
  • Could we possibly collect all of the rocks from the schoolyard? If not, will we still have enough information to create a rock guide? Why or why not?
  • How can we use some of the rocks to give us a good idea about the rest? 
  • Where might you find rocks on the schoolyard?  Should we collect rocks from some or all of these places? Why?
  • What kinds of rocks do you expect to see? What will they look like? Feel like?
  • Should we look for only certain kinds of rocks?
  • How many rocks are there altogether? 
  • Which is the biggest rock?  The smallest?
  • Which rock is in the middle?
  • Are there places along the line where there are lots of rocks that look about the same size? Where? How many rocks seem to be that size? What size are most of the rocks? 
  • How could we decide whether or not these rocks are actually the same size? 
  • If each one of us were to follow the author’s rules for finding the perfect rock, what would happen? 
  • What do you think the collection of rocks would look like?  Why? 
  • Would this be a good sample of rocks to study? Why or why not?
  • How might following these rules affect our sample?
  • Where did you find the rock? 
  • Were there others around that were like it? 
  • Describe your rock.
  • How big is it? 
  • How much does it weigh?
  • Is it like the rocks that are usually found on the playground? In what way? 

Lesson Variations

Blooms taxonomy level: 
Understanding
Extension suggestions: 

Extensions:

  • For more ideas on how to incorporate data analysis into science, mathematics, and literature lessons, go to Exploring Data on the Math Forum website. See Carol Hurst’s Guide to Teaching Mathematics through Literature. 
  • For information on how to set up a Rock Swap for comparing data in different schools, visit Rock Hounds, sponsored by the Franklin Institute.
  • For other ideas on how to use Everybody Needs a Rock by Byrd Baylor in the classroom, see the Everybody Needs a Rock lesson plan

Helpful Hints

Materials:

Everybody Needs a Rock by Byrd Baylor

References

Contributors: